Edit Accident: AT45, Sienajoki Finland, 2006 (RE HF)

Accident Form

When:	JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
Event Type:	AGC AI AW BS CFIT CS FIRE GND HF LB LOC LOS RE RI WAKE WX
Day/Night:	None Not Recorded Day Night
Flight Conditions:	None Not Recorded VMC IMC On Ground - Low Visibility On Ground - Normal Visibility
One sentence description:	On 11 December 2006, a Finnish Commuter Airlines ATR 42-500 veered off the runway on landing at Seinäjoki, Finland.
Validation Code:

Add Aircraft Involved

Aircraft: Operator: Type of Flight: None Not Recorded Private Public Transport (Passenger) Public Transport (Cargo) Public Transport (Non Revenue) Military/State Aerial Work Out of Service Flight Origin: Intended Destination: Actual Destination: Take-off Commenced: None Yes No Flight Airborne: None Yes No Flight Completed: None Yes No Phase of Flight: None Parked Standing Pushback/towing Taxi Take Off Climb Cruise Descent Missed Approach Landing Manoeuvring

Aircraft: Operator: Type of Flight: None Not Recorded Private Public Transport (Passenger) Public Transport (Cargo) Public Transport (Non Revenue) Military/State Aerial Work Out of Service Flight Origin: Intended Destination: Actual Destination: Take-off Commenced: None Yes No Flight Airborne: None Yes No Flight Completed: None Yes No Phase of Flight: None Parked Standing Pushback/towing Taxi Take Off Climb Cruise Descent Missed Approach Landing Manoeuvring

Add Location en-route

Origin: Destination:

Add Location Airport

Airport: In Vicinity of airport:

Airport: In Vicinity of airport:

Add Location

Coordinates: Location: ICAO Region: AFIAPACCARSAMEURMIDNAMNAT ICAO Territory: AGANAYBGBIBKCCTDADBDFDGDIDNDRDTDXEBEDEEEFEGEHEIEKELENEPESEVEYFAFBFCFDFEFGFHFIFJFKFLFMFNFOFPFQFSFTFVFWFXFYFZGAGBGCGEGFGGGLGMGOGQGSGUGVHAHBHCHDHEHFHHHKHLHRHSHTHUKLALBLCLDLELFLGLHLILJLKLLLMLOLPLQLRLSLTLULWLXLYLZMBMDMGMHMKMMMNMPMRMSMTMUMWMYMZNCNFNGNINLNSNTNVNWNZOAOBOEOIOJOKOLOMOOOPOROSOTOYPAPGPHPJPKPLPMPOPPPTPWRCRJRKRORPSASBSCSESFSGSKSLSMSOSPSUSVSYTATBTDTFTGTITJTKTLTNTQTRTTTUTVTXUAUBUDUEUGUHUIUKULUMUNURUSUTUUUWVAVBVCVDVEVGVHVIVLVMVNVOVQVRVTVVVYWAWBWIWMWPWRWSYYPZZKZM

Add General Tags

Tags: ATC Training Flight Crew Training Military use of civil airport Civil use of military airport Approach not stabilised Aircraft-aircraft collision Aircraft-aircraft near miss Extra flight crew (no training) Safety pilot present Non Precision Approach Circling Approach Event reporting non compliant Inadequate Airworthiness Procedures Inadequate Aircraft Operator Procedures Inadequate ATC Procedures Airspace Design Airport Layout Ineffective Regulatory Oversight Root Cause Not Determined Military Fast Jet Formation Foreign Military Aircraft Approach to Wrong Airport Inadequate Airport Procedures

Tags: ATC Training Flight Crew Training Military use of civil airport Civil use of military airport Approach not stabilised Aircraft-aircraft collision Aircraft-aircraft near miss Extra flight crew (no training) Safety pilot present Non Precision Approach Circling Approach Event reporting non compliant Inadequate Airworthiness Procedures Inadequate Aircraft Operator Procedures Inadequate ATC Procedures Airspace Design Airport Layout Ineffective Regulatory Oversight Root Cause Not Determined Military Fast Jet Formation Foreign Military Aircraft Approach to Wrong Airport Inadequate Airport Procedures

Add AGC Tags

Tags: Call Sign Confusion Loss of Comms Incorrect Readback missed Phraseology Language Clarity Low Fuel Status CPDLC Flight Crew Oxygen Mask Use Take off without clearance Landing without clearance Military Formation Clearance Military/Civil Coordination Provision of Aircraft Performance Data ATC Clearance Cancelled

Add AI Tags

Tags: CA Incursion DA Incursion PA Incursion TSA Incursion GPS VFR Navigation ATC Complicit Aircraft not in contact with Airspace ATC

Add BS Tags

Tags: Large Birds Flocking Birds Significant Airframe Damage Flight Crew Injury Engine damage Coastal Location Migration Engine Ingestion Prior verbal warning

Add CFIT Tags

Tags: Into water Into terrain Into obstruction No Visual Reference Lateral Navigation Error Vertical navigation error Pressure altimeter setting error VFR flight plan IFR flight plan

Add FIRE Tags

Tags: Post Crash Fire Non-Fire Fumes Dangerous Goods Fire-Cabin Baggage origin Fire-Cargo origin Fire-Electrical origin Fire-Fuel origin Fire-Power Plant origin Fire-Underfloor origin Fire-Galley Fire-Wing De-Ice fluid contamination Electrical fumes - No fire Landing Gear Overheat

Add HF Tags

Tags: Aircraft acceptance ATC clearance error ATC Unit Co-ordination Authority Gradient Data use error Distraction Ergonomics Fatigue Flight / Cabin Crew Co-operation Flight Crew / Ground Crew Co-operation Flight Crew Incapacitation Flight Crew Visual Inspection Food Poisoning Gross Data Error not recognised Inappropriate ATC Communication Inappropriate crew response - skills deficiency Inappropriate crew response (automatics) Inappropriate crew response (technical fault) Ineffective Monitoring Maintenance Visual Inspection Manual Handling Pilot Medical Fitness Plan Continuation Bias Procedural non compliance Spatial Disorientation Stress Violation

Tags: Aircraft acceptance ATC clearance error ATC Unit Co-ordination Authority Gradient Data use error Distraction Ergonomics Fatigue Flight / Cabin Crew Co-operation Flight Crew / Ground Crew Co-operation Flight Crew Incapacitation Flight Crew Visual Inspection Food Poisoning Gross Data Error not recognised Inappropriate ATC Communication Inappropriate crew response - skills deficiency Inappropriate crew response (automatics) Inappropriate crew response (technical fault) Ineffective Monitoring Maintenance Visual Inspection Manual Handling Pilot Medical Fitness Plan Continuation Bias Procedural non compliance Spatial Disorientation Stress Violation

Add GND Tags

Tags: Taxiway collision On gate collision Aircraft / Aircraft conflict Aircraft / Person conflict Aircraft / Vehicle conflict Aircraft / Object or Structure conflict ATC clearance error Ground de/anti icing Jet Blast / Prop wash Surface Friction Towed aircraft involved Aircraft Push Back Incorrect Parking Position Airbridge Positioning Both objects moving Wingtip clearance Centreline obscured Accepted ATC clearance not followed Surface Lighting control Hold Loading Passenger Loading Cargo Loading Fuel Loading Dangerous Goods Engine Ground Running Engine Powered Systems Test No Flight Crew on Board

Add LB Tags

Tags: Accepted ATC Clearance not followed SID bust Clearance readback error undetected TCAS RA response Manual flight Pressure altimeter setting error

Add LOC Tags

Tags: Airframe Structural Failure Significant Systems or Systems Control Failure Degraded flight instrument display Uncommanded AP disconnect AP Status Awareness Non-normal FBW flight control status Loss of Engine Power Crew Incapacitation Flight Management Error Flight Control Error Environmental Factors Bird or Animal Strike Aircraft Loading Malicious Interference Temporary Control Loss Extreme Bank Extreme Pitch Last Minute Collision Avoidance Hard landing Take off Trim Setting Incorrect Thrust Computed Unintended transitory terrain contact Collision Damage Incorrect Aircraft Configuration Aerodynamic Stall

Add LOS Tags

Tags: TCAS RA Mis Flown Accepted ATC Clearance not followed See and Avoid Ineffective Required Separation not maintained Released to Own Separation Level Bust Lateral Navigation Error ATC Error Near Miss Lateral Offset in use Mid-Air Collision Uncommanded AP disconnect Military Aircraft involved Apparent de-selection of transponder Transponder non selection

Add RI Tags

Tags: ATC error Accepted ATC Clearance not followed Incursion pre Take off Incursion after Landing Runway Crossing Intersecting Runways Intersecting extended centrelines Towed aircraft involved Near Miss Ground Collision Phraseology Intentional Premature Rotation Vehicle Incursion

Add RE Tags

Tags: Overrun on Take Off Overrun on Landing Directional Control Undershoot on Landing Wrong Runway Excessive Airspeed RTO decision after V1 High Speed RTO (V above 80 but not above V1) Unable to rotate at VR Frozen Deposits Collision Avoidance Action Parallel Approach Operations Excess Water Depth Late Touchdown Significant Tailwind Component Significant Crosswind Component Thrust Reversers not fitted Landing Performance Assessment Off side of Runway Misalignment on runway Taxiway Take Off/Landing Runway Length Temporarily Reduced Intentional Premature Rotation Incorrect Aircraft Configuration Reduced Thrust Take Off

Tags: Overrun on Take Off Overrun on Landing Directional Control Undershoot on Landing Wrong Runway Excessive Airspeed RTO decision after V1 High Speed RTO (V above 80 but not above V1) Unable to rotate at VR Frozen Deposits Collision Avoidance Action Parallel Approach Operations Excess Water Depth Late Touchdown Significant Tailwind Component Significant Crosswind Component Thrust Reversers not fitted Landing Performance Assessment Off side of Runway Misalignment on runway Taxiway Take Off/Landing Runway Length Temporarily Reduced Intentional Premature Rotation Incorrect Aircraft Configuration Reduced Thrust Take Off

Add WAKE Tags

Tags: ICAO Standard Wake Separation prevailed ICAO Standard Wake Separation not met Accepted ATC clearance not followed Own separation In trail event Cross track event Pilot over compensation Intersection take off Intersecting extended centrelines Intersecting runways

Add WX Tags

Tags: In Flight Airframe Icing In Flight Icing - Piston Engine In Flight Icing - Turbine Engine CAT encounter En route In-cloud air turbulence Hail damage Volcanic Ash Effects Sand/Dust limited IFV Fog In Cloud on Visual Clearance Precipitation-limited IFV Strong Surface Winds Mountain Waves Lightning Damage Low Level Windshear

Add EPR Tags

Tags: Emergency Descent Emergency Evacuation Airport Emergency Medical Response MAYDAY declaration PAN declaration “Emergency” declaration Slide Malfunction RFFS Procedures Evacuation difficulties in Water Delay in Declaration of Emergency

Add CS Tags

Tags: Disruptive Pax Turbulence Injury - Cabin Crew Turbulence Injury - Pax with Seat Belts on Turbulence Injury - Pax with Seat Belts off Cabin Stowage - Pax Items Toilet compartment fire Cabin furnishings fire Evacuation slides deployed Pax oxygen mask drop Unauthorised PED use IFE fire Flight deck comms difficulty Cabin air contamination Malicious interference Hand held extinguisher used Evacuation on Cabin Crew initiative Flight Crew Evacuation Command Cabin Crew Incapacitation Cabin Crew Medical Fitness Passenger Illness Faulty or misused PED

Add AW Tags

System(s): Airframe Air Conditioning and Pressurisation Autoflight Communications Electrical Power Equipment / Furnishings Fire Protection Flight Controls Fuel Hydraulic Power Ice and Rain Protection Indicating / Recording Systems Landing Gear Landing Lights Navigation Oxygen Airborne Auxiliary Power (APU) Propellers Rotors Engine - General Engine Fuel and Control Bleed Air Other Emergency Evacuation Contributor(s): Maintenance Error (valid guidance available) Maintenance Error (invalid guidance available) Inadequate Maintenance Schedule Inadequate Maintenance Inspection Inadequate QRH Drills OEM Design fault Damage Tolerance Contributing ADD Component Fault in service Component Fault after installation Pilot verbal-only defect communication Corrosion/Disbonding/Fatigue Cross Connection Engine Compressor Washing

Add Safety Net Mitigation

Malfunction of Relevant Safety Net: None Yes No GPWS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective TAWS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective TAWS with RAAS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective TCAS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective STCA: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective MSAW: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective APM: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective APW: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective Mode 'S' EHS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective Wind Shear Escape Guidance: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective Stall Protection: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective A-SMGCS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective EMAS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective TOCWS: None Effective Partially effective Available but ineffective

Add Causal Factor Group(s)

Causal Factor Group(s): Aircraft Operation Aircraft Technical Air Traffic Management Airport Operation

Causal Factor Group(s): Aircraft Operation Aircraft Technical Air Traffic Management Airport Operation

Add Safety Recommendations

Safety Recommendations: None Made Aircraft Operation Aircraft Airworthiness Air Traffic Management Airport Management

Safety Recommendations: None Made Aircraft Operation Aircraft Airworthiness Air Traffic Management Airport Management

Accident Report text:

==Description== On 11 December 2006, a Finnish Commuter Airlines [[AT45|ATR 42-500]] veered off the runway on landing at Seinäjoki, Finland. ==Synopsis== The following is an extract from the Summary of the official Investigation Report published by the Accident Investigation Board Finland (AIBF): '''"…on 11 December a Finnish Commuter Airlines’ ATR-42, on its scheduled route from Helsinki to Kokkola with a stopover at Seinäjoki, was approaching Seinäjoki runway 32 in gusty crosswinds at dark. According to ATIS information wind was 180 degrees 12 knots, maximum 22 knots. When the aircraft called Outer Marker (PSJ) inbound the AFIS officer reported the previous two minutes’ average wind: 190 degrees [[Speed::10 kts]], maximum 16. Because this wind information did not exceed the limitations of the flight manual the captain decided to land on runway 32. Halfway through the landing roll the aircraft suddenly and strongly veered to the left. Despite the flight crew’s best efforts at approximately 700 m from threshold the aircraft veered off the 30 m wide runway. The left main landing gear travelled approximately 115 m at ca. 2 m from the edge of the paved surface on the 2.5 m wide sand/gravel runway shoulder, leaving a few centimetres-deep rut in the gravel. The landing gear hit and destroyed two runway edge lights and its anti skid wiring was cut. The captain managed to steer the aircraft back onto the runway, whereafter he taxied to the apron. After the damage to the aircraft was inspected the following leg of the flight was cancelled…''' '''The investigation established that the aircraft had no such defect that could have caused the occurrence. At the time of the incident the weather was cloudy and humid. Winds were southerly and gusty. The runway was wet, albeit with good braking action. A chain of events with several interrelated factors caused the aircraft to veer off the runway. These factors included:''' * '''The decision to make a downwind landing,''' * '''A strong gust of wind from the left, approximately halfway through the landing roll, which caused the aircraft to unexpectedly bear to the left,''' * '''The wetness of the runway, which allowed the aircraft to skid sideways,''' * '''The runway was not wide enough for the flight crew to steer the aircraft back toward the runway centreline,''' * '''The pilot attempted to straighten out the aircraft by using the rudder. However, as speed decreased the rudder effect alone was insufficient,''' * '''The captain did not hear the co-pilot call ”70” and, hence, engaged the nose wheel steering too late, and''' * '''The captain’s limited experience as pilot-in-command of an ATR."''' ==Related Articles== * [[Runway Excursion]] ==Further Reading== For further information see the [http://www.skybrary.aero/bookshelf/books/618.pdf full accident report] published by the AIBF. [[category:Accident and Serious Incident Reports]]

Summary:

This is a minor edit Watch this page

Cancel